Paleo indigenous people inhabited current-day Arizona around 10,000 BC.
Cochise people were planting corn there around 2,000 BC.
The Spanish killed many indigenous people, then took control of the region from 1528 to 1821.
After gaining independence from Spain, Mexico took over the region in 1821.
The US war on Mexico ended with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and Mexico losing half its territory including much of current-day Arizona in 1848.
The Gadsden Purchase (known as Venta de La Mesilla, or "Sale of La Mesilla", in Mexico) is a 29,670-square-mile (76,800 km2) region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico. It was purchased by the United States in a treaty signed by President Franklin Pierce on June 24, 1853 and ratified by the U.S. Senate on April 25, 1854.
The "purchase" was the last major territorial acquisition in the contiguous United States.
The important Apache leader Cochise died of natural causes in 1874.
Powerful Chiracahua and other Apache tribes still ruled the area until 1886.
By 1886 one fifth of the entire US Army was in Arizona trying to capture Apache chief Geronimo.
Arizona becomes the 48th US state in 1912.
In 2010, Arizona still has vast Indian reservations where people live in severe poverty.
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